Ground-bow sources

This page offers an extensive list of sources documenting the ground-bow in Zimbabwe, across the African continent, and into the African diaspora. This information is organized in three ways – by country of origin, alphabetically by instrument name, and as a complete list of references. Readers interested in more detailed discussion of the ground-bow’s organological attributes, geographic distribution, and social role may wish to engage with the article “Music under the Ground: Ethnomusicological Research on the Ground-Bow in Africa.” To download a PDF of each list of sources, please click on the buttons below. The attached file should automatically begin downloading.